At odds, Imam Ghulam Mustafa receives an indifferent reception from the headmaster of a crowded madrasa in Jalrez district, Wardak province on March 22, 2010. These Islamic religious schools have been widely associated with teaching anti-Americanism and developing radical political views. With an audience of young boys, the headmaster repeatedly accused the uniformed imam of colluding with infidels and adopting Western culture. Mustafa will likely face similar confrontation in the near future as the popularity of madrasas continues to rise throughout Southeast Asia.

Words and photo by James Lee